Introduction
With the rapid development of global urban economy, the contradiction between energy supply and demand has become increasingly prominent. For power supply and distribution systems, promoting energy-saving and consumption-reducing technical measures and equipment is particularly crucial. As the core power distribution and dispatching equipment in the power supply and distribution system, transformers play a vital role in energy efficiency. JINSHANMEN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD, a professional manufacturer of power transmission and distribution equipment, has always focused on integrating advanced energy-saving technologies into transformer production. The company mainly produces oil immersed power transformers, dry-type power transformers, oil immersed three-dimensional coiled power transformers, dry-type three-dimensional coiled power transformers, mining explosion-proof dry-type transformers, mining explosion-proof mobile substations, amorphous alloy power transformers, on load capacity regulating power transformers, locomotive dry-type transformers, as well as prefabricated substations, modular substations, wind energy box type substations, high and low voltage switchgear and other transmission and distribution equipment. Its 150 kva isolation transformer and 50 kva 3 Phase Transformer are typical representatives of energy-saving products, combining multiple key technologies to achieve excellent energy efficiency performance.
1. Key Technologies for Transformer Energy Saving and Consumption Reduction
1.1 Adoption of New Materials
Replacing traditional aluminum alloy or steel materials with new materials in transformer manufacturing can enhance corrosion resistance, reduce resistance, and thereby achieve energy saving and consumption reduction. At present, two new materials are widely used in the industry, and JINSHANMEN TECHNOLOGY has applied them to the production of core products such as 150 kva isolation transformer and 50 kva 3 Phase Transformer.
The first is oxygen-free copper material. This material can effectively reduce the internal resistance of the transformer coil, which is a key factor in reducing load loss. The 50 kva 3 Phase Transformer produced by our company uses oxygen-free copper coils, which not only has simple processing technology, convenient material acquisition and reasonable cost, but also significantly enhances the short-circuit resistance of the transformer, ensuring stable operation while saving energy.
The second is amorphous alloy material used as the magnetic core material of distribution transformers. The iron core made of amorphous alloy has extremely low magnetic hysteresis loss and eddy current loss, which can greatly reduce the no-load loss of the transformer. Our 150 kva isolation transformer adopts amorphous alloy iron core, which effectively reduces electromagnetic loss and improves the economic efficiency of the transformer in long-term operation.
1.2 Installation of Automatic Voltage Regulators
Transformer loss is closely related to the voltage of the distribution network. By installing corresponding compensation capacitors on the load tap of the transformer, the operating voltage of the distribution network can be appropriately optimized and adjusted. The automatic voltage regulator is a device that uses a three-phase coupling transformer to automatically adjust the transformation ratio according to the actual input voltage of the distribution transformer to ensure stable output voltage. It can automatically adjust the input voltage within 3% of the normal value, and real-time control the voltage of the entire system through the internal corresponding controller to achieve maximum energy saving and consumption reduction.
Both JINSHANMEN TECHNOLOGY's 150 kva isolation transformer and 50 kva 3 Phase Transformer are equipped with advanced automatic voltage regulation systems. This system can quickly respond to voltage fluctuations in the power grid, maintain stable output voltage, avoid excessive loss caused by voltage deviation, and further improve the energy-saving effect of the transformers.
1.3 Economic Operation Mode of Distribution Transformers
The energy consumption of distribution transformers is not only related to manufacturing materials and processing technology, but also closely related to their operation mode. Optimizing the operation mode of distribution transformers is a key link in energy saving and consumption reduction. At present, some traditional operation modes are still used in the market, which are not reasonable enough and lead to high operating energy consumption.
In practical applications, reactive power compensation can be adopted. Specifically, parallel transformer reactive power compensation components are installed in the distribution system to provide reactive power consumed by inductive loads. Common methods include group compensation of distribution transformers (installing parallel reactive power components at low voltage) and using advanced technical means to maintain the three-phase load of the transformer in a balanced working state for a long time. The 50 kva 3 Phase Transformer of our company has a built-in three-phase load balancing monitoring module, which can promptly remind operators to adjust the load when unbalance occurs, thereby reducing loss.
In addition, adjusting the balance of three-phase loads is an important technical means to reduce the operating loss of distribution transformers. When the three-phase load is unbalanced, negative sequence voltage will be generated, causing system voltage fluctuations and increasing both transformer and line losses. Our 150 kva isolation transformer is equipped with an intelligent load balancing adjustment device, which can automatically adjust the load distribution under certain conditions to ensure the balance of the three-phase load and minimize energy consumption.
2. Analysis of Measures for Transformer Energy-Saving Operation
2.1 Selection of Energy-Saving and Economical Distribution Transformers
In the selection and design of distribution transformer models and capacities, on the basis of technical feasibility, energy-saving and economical products with low loss rates should be preferred. For example, the S11 and S13 series energy-saving distribution transformers maturely applied in engineering currently have about 30% lower loss and 40% lower current compared with the S9 series transformers. They also have strong overload capacity and obvious comprehensive energy-saving effects.
JINSHANMEN TECHNOLOGY's 150 kva isolation transformer and 50 kva 3 Phase Transformer are developed based on the S13 series technology. The 150 kva isolation transformer has extremely low line loss, which is suitable for distribution systems with large load fluctuations, and can meet the energy-saving needs of modern engineering fields with large load fluctuations. The 50 kva 3 Phase Transformer has excellent overload performance and is widely used in industrial and commercial scenarios with variable loads.
2.2 Adopting Joint Operation and Energy-Saving Dispatching Mode of Multiple Distribution Transformers
With the continuous expansion of the scale and capacity of the distribution network system, the load capacity of the system changes frequently, and the loss under various operation modes varies greatly. The optimal operation point and dispatching mode should also change accordingly to achieve energy saving and consumption reduction.
The active loss of the transformer during operation is composed of no-load loss and load loss. The no-load loss is a specific coefficient and basically does not change with the load rate of the transformer; the load loss is a variable value that fluctuates with the load and is proportional to the square of the transformer load current. In the joint operation of multiple transformers, there is always a minimum load factor, that is, the minimum comprehensive power economic load factor of the joint operation of distribution transformers.
When configuring multiple transformers, JINSHANMEN TECHNOLOGY will recommend matching combinations of 150 kva isolation transformer and 50 kva 3 Phase Transformer according to the actual load characteristics of the user's distribution system. By calculating the optimal load operation point and economic load area, the joint economic dispatching operation of multiple transformers is adopted. According to the operation characteristics of load from small to large, the optimal number of transformer operation combinations and regulation operation modes in different load areas are calculated, and the optimal economic operation area of joint operation of multiple distribution transformers is determined according to the comprehensive power load relationship, avoiding non-economic operation conditions such as "big horse pulling small cart", and effectively improving the power supply safety, reliability and energy-saving economy of distribution transformers.
2.3 Adjusting the Inter-Phase Unbalanced Load Rate of Distribution Transformers to Achieve Energy-Saving and Economic Operation
In distribution transformers and their power supply and distribution systems, single-phase electrical loads account for a large proportion. With the widespread promotion and use of various energy-saving electrical equipment and energy-saving lamps, the three-phase load unbalance of distribution transformers, especially public distribution transformers, is relatively large, and the corresponding loss is relatively large. This shows that the load loss caused by three-phase unbalance is very large, which is a key point in the research on energy-saving and economic operation of transformers.
The 50 kva 3 Phase Transformer produced by JINSHANMEN TECHNOLOGY is equipped with a special inter-phase load optimization adjustment device. Through reasonable inter-phase load optimization adjustment, the unbalance degree of three-phase load is reduced, making the three-phase load of the distribution transformer almost balanced, thus obtaining a good inter-phase balance relationship, reducing the active loss and reactive consumption during the operation of the distribution transformer, and improving the efficiency of power distribution, dispatching and conversion. For the 150 kva isolation transformer used in scenarios with more single-phase loads, our company will also provide supporting load balancing solutions to ensure that the transformer operates in a balanced state.
2.4 Conducting Appropriate Reactive Power Compensation
From the operating conditions of distribution transformers and their load curves with loads, it can be seen that the reactive load of distribution transformers is mainly concentrated in the light load or no-load operating conditions. At this time, excitation reactive power will be generated, and the reactive capacity consumed is about 10% - 15% of the rated capacity of the distribution transformers.
Therefore, centralized reactive power compensation measures can be taken. By reasonably selecting reactive power compensation devices such as SVC, SVG and TSC, the low-voltage reactive power compensation capacitor is connected to the bus side of the distribution transformer through the load switch. When the system is in light load or no-load condition, the capacitor is reasonably switched on and off for real-time reactive power compensation, so as to improve the power factor of the 10kV distribution system, effectively reduce the operating loss of the distribution transformer, and at the same time achieve the energy-saving and economic effect of improving the terminal low voltage and improving the voltage quality.
Both JINSHANMEN TECHNOLOGY's 150 kva isolation transformer and 50 kva 3 Phase Transformer can be equipped with matching reactive power compensation modules. According to the actual operating conditions of the user's power grid, the reactive power compensation strategy is automatically adjusted to ensure that the transformer maintains a high power factor in various load states and maximizes energy-saving benefits.
3. Conclusion
In summary, in the distribution network, reasonable adoption of energy-saving measures such as selecting energy-saving distribution transformers, joint economic dispatching operation of multiple distribution transformers, optimizing and adjusting three-phase loads, and conducting appropriate reactive power compensation can effectively reduce the operating loss of distribution transformers and achieve the goal of energy-saving, consumption-reducing and economic regulation operation.
JINSHANMEN TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD has always taken "energy conservation and efficiency improvement" as the core of product research and development. Its 150 kva isolation transformer and 50 kva 3 Phase Transformer integrate new materials, intelligent regulation, load balancing and other key energy-saving technologies, providing reliable energy-saving solutions for global users. In the future, the company will continue to deepen the research and development of transformer energy-saving technologies and contribute more to the global energy conservation and emission reduction cause.